NAD+ and Cellular Ageing: What the Science Says

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) is one of the most critical coenzymes in human biology. Present in every living cell, NAD+ serves as a fundamental electron carrier in metabolic reactions, playing a central role in energy production, DNA repair, and cellular signalling.

The NAD+ Decline

One of the most well-documented changes that occurs with ageing is the progressive decline in cellular NAD+ levels. Research published in journals including Cell Metabolism and Nature has shown that NAD+ levels can decline by as much as 50% between the ages of 40 and 60.

This decline has far-reaching consequences. NAD+ is required for the function of sirtuins — a family of proteins that regulate cellular health, inflammation, and stress resistance. It is also essential for:

• Mitochondrial function and cellular energy production (ATP synthesis)
• DNA repair mechanisms (through PARP enzymes)
• Circadian rhythm regulation
• Cellular stress response pathways

Restoring NAD+ Levels

The emerging science of NAD+ restoration focuses on providing the body with precursors — molecules that cells can convert into NAD+. The two most studied precursors are Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN).

However, like many sensitive biological molecules, NAD+ precursors face significant challenges when delivered through conventional supplement formats. They are susceptible to degradation in the gastrointestinal tract, which limits their bioavailability and cellular uptake.

The Liposomal Advantage for NAD+

This is where liposomal delivery technology becomes particularly valuable. By encapsulating NAD+ precursors within protective phospholipid vesicles, we can:

• Shield the precursor from gastric degradation
• Enhance intestinal absorption through lipid-mediated uptake
• Deliver higher concentrations to target cells
• Achieve meaningful biological effects at moderate doses

At Vita Code Lab, we approach the ageing conversation with scientific integrity. We don’t claim to reverse ageing — we provide bio-molecular support for the cellular processes that maintain vitality and resilience as you age.

What the Research Shows

Clinical research into NAD+ supplementation is still evolving, but early results are promising. Multiple studies have demonstrated that NAD+ precursor supplementation can safely elevate blood NAD+ levels in humans, with potential benefits for metabolic health, cognitive function, and cardiovascular health.

As with all emerging science, we present this research transparently and responsibly, distinguishing between established findings and preliminary results.